{"id":13789,"date":"2022-03-30T15:00:12","date_gmt":"2022-03-30T13:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journalift.org\/?p=13789"},"modified":"2022-03-31T09:43:58","modified_gmt":"2022-03-31T07:43:58","slug":"novinari-ke-na-zapadnom-balkanu-su-cesta-meta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journalift.org\/bhsc\/novinari-ke-na-zapadnom-balkanu-su-cesta-meta\/","title":{"rendered":"Novinari\/ke na Zapadnom Balkanu su \u010desta meta"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Napadi na novinarke u Evropi porasli su za skoro 17% pro\u0161le godine. Prema podacima <\/span>Koalicije za \u017eene u novinarstvu<\/span><\/a>, posebno u septembru 2021. Samo tokom tog mjeseca online nasilje nad novinarkama u svijetu poraslo je za 900%.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

U regionu zapadnog Balkana, uznemiravanje na internetu, ali i verbalne ili fizi\u010dke prijetnje, i dalje su svakodnevnica s kojom se novinari\/ke suo\u010davaju. <\/span>Situacija je vrlo sli\u010dna u svih \u0161est zemalja, s tim \u0161to se samo u nijansama razlikuju polo\u017eaj novinara i novinarki<\/strong>, kao i problemi sa kojima se susre\u0107u dok rade svoj posao.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Prema <\/span>Svjetskom indeksu slobode medija Reportera bez granica<\/span><\/a>, najbolje rangirana od \u0161est zemalja zapadnog Balkana je Bosna i Hercegovina (58.).<\/span><\/p>\n\n

\"Tužbe,<\/figure>\n\n

Tu\u017ebe, prijetnje na internetu i nedostatak institucionalne podr\u0161ke – najbolji u regionu \n<\/h2>\n\n

Prema <\/span>Indeksu sigurnosti novinara\/ki zapadnog Balkana<\/span><\/a>, koji je alat koji je osmislila platforma <\/span>Safejournalists.net<\/span><\/a>, u Bosni i Hercegovini je broj tu\u017ebi za klevetu koje su podnijeli politi\u010dari\/ke i drugi zvani\u010dnici\/ce protiv medija, \u0161to novinari\/ke do\u017eivljavaju kao pritisak, i dalje veoma visok.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

“Vlasti su 2020. godine poku\u0161ale da ograni\u010de pravo na slobodu izra\u017eavanja novinarima\/kama i gra\u0111anima\/kama dono\u0161enjem propisa pod izgovorom spre\u010davanja \u0161irenja panike tokom pandemije<\/span><\/i>“, navodi se u Indeksu sigurnosti i dodaje da je u posljednje vrijeme bilo nekoliko slu\u010dajeva <\/span>SLAPP<\/span><\/a> tu\u017ebe sa izuzetno visokim \u0161tetama. Kao jedan od velikih problema smatra se i \u010dinjenica da novinari\/ke u ovoj zemlji uglavnom nemaju ugovore o radu na neodre\u0111eno vrijeme, \u0161to doprinosi niskim platama i nepostojanju sindikata i kolektivnih ugovora.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Od 2019. do augusta 2021. godine putem Linije za pomo\u0107 novinarima, koju vodi <\/span>Udru\u017eenje BH Novinari<\/span><\/a>, navedena su 44 slu\u010daja rodno zasnovanog nasilja i napada na novinarke u Bosni i Hercegovini. Njihova analiza pokazuje da rodno uznemiravanje na internetu \u010dini skoro 53% svih slu\u010dajeva. Samo dvije tre\u0107ine novinarki odlu\u010di to prijaviti <\/span>svojoj redakciji.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n

Iako udru\u017eenje BH Novinari redovno komunicira sa policijom i tu\u017eila\u0161tvima, sudovima, kao i Uredom ombudsmena, zbog veoma slo\u017eene politi\u010dke strukture u BiH, Udru\u017eenje provodi dosta vremena poku\u0161avaju\u0107i utvrditi koja institucija je prava adresa za svaki pojedina\u010dni slu\u010daj. \n<\/p>\n\n

\u201cU bosanskohercegova\u010dkom pravosu\u0111u ne postoji konkretna evidencija o slu\u010dajevima vezanim za napade na novinare\/ke i to nam ote\u017eava vo\u0111enje relevantnih statisti\u010dkih podataka. Jedine koje imamo su sa linije za pomo\u0107 novinarima\/kama i one iz Ministarstva unutra\u0161njih poslova Republike Srpske\u201d<\/span><\/i>, saop\u0107eno je iz udru\u017eenja BH Novinari.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Po njihovom mi\u0161ljenju, <\/span>ono \u0161to bi unaprijedilo prava medijskih radnika\/ca je formiranje posebnog sektora posve\u0107enog slobodi \u0161tampe u okviru institucije Ombudsmena Bosne i Hercegovine<\/strong>. Iako su to nekoliko puta inicirali, jo\u0161 uvijek nema promjena.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

\"Šta<\/figure>\n\n

\u0160ta donosi 78. mjesto?<\/h2>\n\n

Iz perspektive RSF-ovog Svjetskog indeksa slobode medija, druga najbolja zemlja u regionu je Kosovo (78.). Glavni <\/span>izazov za novinare\/ke u tom dijelu zapadnog Balkana je finansijska i nesigurnost vezana za posao<\/strong>, koja se jo\u0161 vi\u0161e pogor\u0161ala zbog pandemije 2020. godine, navode iz <\/span>Udru\u017eenja novinara Kosova<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Uslovi rada nisu toliko razli\u010diti za novinarke i novinarke, ali pritisci na osnovu spola postaju vidljivi kada su u pitanju trudno\u0107a i porodiljsko odsustvo. Pogotovo nakon \u0161to se novinarke vrate da ponovo zauzmu svoja radna mjesta. \n<\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n

Izvje\u0161taji o napadima na novinare pokazuju da se situacija nije mnogo promijenila u odnosu na prethodne godine. Iako je Kosovo u poslednjih nekoliko godina po\u010delo da napreduje na <\/span>listi Reportera bez granica<\/span><\/a>, 2021. je palo za osam mesta. Sada je na 78. mjestu prema Indeksu slobode \u0161tampe.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Prema podacima Udru\u017eenja novinara Kosova (AJK), broj fizi\u010dkih napada i prijetnji novinarima\/kama je u porastu. U posljednje tri godine (do septembra 2021.) zabilje\u017eena su 62 slu\u010daja. Pandemija i politi\u010dka previranja negativno su se odrazila i na slobodu medija. \n<\/p>\n\n

Kada je rije\u010d o neka\u017enjivosti, situacija se nije mnogo promijenila u prethodne dvije decenije. Slu\u010dajevi novinara\/ki koji su nestali ili su ubijeni na Kosovu jo\u0161 uvijek nisu rije\u0161eni. Kosovo nema ozbiljne mehanizme za pra\u0107enje i prikupljanje informacija o prijetnjama i napadima na medijske radnike\/ce i njihove organizacije, navodi AJK. \n<\/p>\n\n

\"Albanija<\/figure>\n\n

Albanija \u2013 tamo gdje dobijete otkaz putem SMS-a<\/h2>\n\n

Ova zemlja zapadnog Balkana nalazi se na 83. mjestu od 180 zemalja svijeta. \u0160ta to zna\u010di u svakodnevnom \u017eivotu albanskih novinara\/ki? Pa, prema platformi Safejournalists.net, to zna\u010di da se moraju suo\u010diti sa realno\u0161\u0107u u kojoj <\/span>albanske dr\u017eavne institucije nisu uspostavile efikasne mehanizme specifi\u010dne za novinare\/ke i medijsko osoblje za pru\u017eanje za\u0161tite kada su ugro\u017eeni.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u201cVe\u0107ina slu\u010dajeva napada na novinare\/ke u 2020. odnosi se na nezakonita policijska hap\u0161enja ili pritvaranja novinara\/ki prilikom izvje\u0161tavanja o protestima ili izvje\u0161tavanja sa terena. Mjere pra\u0107enja, kao \u0161to su istrage i privo\u0111enje po\u010dinitelja pravdi u slu\u010daju napada na novinare\/ke, spore su i neefikasne. Dr\u017eavnim institucijama nedostaju resursi i kapaciteti da za\u0161tite novinare\/ke u online i offline prostoru\u201d,<\/span><\/i> stoji u <\/span>izvje\u0161taju<\/span><\/a> indeksa Safejournalists.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Ono \u0161to je 2020. godine negativno uticalo na novinare\/ke u Albaniji, posebno na one koji se bave istra\u017eiva\u010dkim novinarstvom, bile su desetine tu\u017ebi za klevetu. <\/p>\n\n

Takozvane SLAPP tu\u017ebe postale su uobi\u010dajen mehanizam za cenzuru, zastra\u0161ivanje i \u0161utanje nezavisnih medija. \n<\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n

Safejournalists tako\u0111er primje\u0107uju da su naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i oblici pritiska sa kojima se novinari\/ke u Albaniji suo\u010davaju u svojim redakcijama odluke koje donose menad\u017eeri\/ce ili vlasnici\/ce medija o zatvaranju programa, zastra\u0161ivanje, ekonomska nesigurnost, uznemiravanje. U Albaniji vlasnici\/ce medija otpu\u0161taju novinare\/ke samo slanjem SMS-a. \n<\/p>\n\n

Iako situacija nije mnogo druga\u010dija za novinare i novinarke, <\/span>\u017eene su izjavile da su one izlo\u017eene seksualnom uznemiravanju, ali i da se njihovo pravo na porodiljsko odsustvo ne po\u0161tuje uvijek<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Tokom 2019. i 2020. godine na novinare\/ke u Albaniji pucano je, na njih su bacani suzavci, prije\u0107eno im je na televiziji u\u017eivo, oduzimane su im radne dozvole i bili su na meti kampanja visoko rangiranih politi\u010dara\/ki.<\/p>\n\n

2020. godine jedan novinar u Albaniji je ubijen, jednom je ugro\u017een \u017eivot i fizi\u010dka sigurnost, devetoro ih je fizi\u010dki napadnuto, tri su maltretirana, pra\u0107ena i zlostavljana kroz administraciju. \n<\/p>\n\n

\"SOS<\/figure>\n\n

SOS \u2013 operater je trenutno zauzet, poku\u0161ajte kasnije<\/h2>\n\n

Na 90. mjestu na listi RSF-a, Sjeverna Makedonija je 2020. godine registrovala dva fizi\u010dka napada na novinare, od kojih su tri dobila prijetnje koje bi mogle ugroziti njihovu sigurnost i njihove \u017eivote. Bilo je sedam nefizi\u010dkih prijetnji i slu\u010dajeva uznemiravanja i dva napada na medije.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Nezavisni sindikat novinara i medijskih djelatnika Sjeverne Makedonije<\/span><\/a> naveo je da se radilo o devet napada na novinarke. Policiji su prijavljena samo \u010detvorica, a samo jedan napada\u010d je uhap\u0161en i kasnije osu\u0111en. Ve\u0107ina napada dogodila se putem interneta.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Kako prenosi Safejournalists.net, 2020. godine <\/span>nije uspostavljen mehanizam besplatne pravne pomo\u0107i za \u017ertve rodno zasnovanog napada i nasilja, uklju\u010duju\u0107i novinarke<\/strong>.<\/span> Ta platforma sugerira da je u Sjevernoj Makedoniji bilo mnogo rodno zasnovanih prijetnji i uznemiravanja novinarki. Tako\u0111e, nije funkcionisala uspostavljena telefonska linija za brzu i efikasnu pomo\u0107 novinarima\/kama u slu\u010daju napada.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u201cNovinari koji su bili predmet napada nisu imali gdje da se obrate institucijama za hitnu pomo\u0107 i podr\u0161ku, osim Sektoru za kiberneti\u010dki kriminal pri MUP-u. Od registrovanih online napada samo dva su procesuirana\u201d<\/span><\/i>, navodi se na platformi u izvje\u0161taju o Sjevernoj Makedoniji. Predstavnici\/ce Nezavisnog sindikata novinara\/ki i medijskih radnika\/ci o\u010dekuju novi zakon koji \u0107e pobolj\u0161ati situaciju za novinare\/ke u zemlji.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u201cO\u010dekujemo da \u0107e Skup\u0161tina uskoro izmijeniti Krivi\u010dni zakon, tako da napadi na novinare\/ke dok su na slu\u017ebenom zadatku budu napad na javnog slu\u017ebenika\/cu. To bi zna\u010dilo da bi policija i tu\u017eila\u0161tvo morali da rade brzo kako novinari\/ke ne bi, kao u ve\u0107ini slu\u010dajeva do sada, morali da podnose privatne tu\u017ebe\u201d,<\/span><\/i> rekao je zvani\u010dnik Sindikata u septembru 2021.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

\"Eskalacije<\/figure>\n\n

Eskalacije nasilja nad novinarima\/kama u Srbiji <\/h2>\n\n

Srbija se nalazi na 93. mestu na <\/span>listi RSF<\/span><\/a>, iza Sjeverne Makedonije, Perua, Ma\u0111arske i 89 drugih zemalja iz cijelog svijeta.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Prema Indeksu sigurnosti novinara Zapadnog Balkana, ukupna situacija u medijskoj sferi pogor\u0161ala se tokom 2020. godine. Platforma sugerira da <\/span>\u201epostoje dokazi koji ukazuju da neki slu\u010dajevi uklju\u010duju nadzor novinara\/ki ili medija, jer se njihova komunikacija presretne. Dobijaju prijetnje ili su direktno ciljane na dru\u0161tvenim mre\u017eama od strane \u010dlanova vladaju\u0107e politi\u010dke stranke, a te prijetnje su u stalnom porastu. Politi\u010dki predstavnici u Parlamentu prijete, ga\u0111aju i vrije\u0111aju novinare\/ke i njihove medije.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n

Ponekad se sti\u010de utisak da su ovi napadi na odre\u0111ene novinare\/ke ili odre\u0111ene medije dobro organizovani, navodi platforma Safejournalists.net. Tu\u017ebe protiv novinara\/ki tako\u0111er su jedan od mehanizama pritiska. <\/span>Nezavisno udru\u017eenje novinara Srbije<\/span><\/a> napominje da je <\/span>samo u prvih deset meseci 2020. Vi\u0161em sudu u Beogradu podnijeto 325 tu\u017ebi protiv novinara\/ki i medija<\/strong>.<\/strong> Nisu imali potvr\u0111ene informacije o tome koliko su tu\u017ebi podnijeli dr\u017eavni zvani\u010dnici\/ce i politi\u010dari\/ke.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Novinarima\/kama u Srbiji je onemogu\u0107en pristup i izvje\u0161tavanje sa odre\u0111enih doga\u0111aja \u2013 ukupno \u0161esnaest takvih slu\u010dajeva tokom 2020. Njihov rad je postao jo\u0161 te\u017ei zbog pandemije i protesta u nekoliko gradova u Srbiji u julu 2020. To je dovelo do eskalacije broja nasilnih fizi\u010dkih napada na novinare\/ke. Takvih slu\u010dajeva bilo je 28, me\u0111u kojima je nekoliko novinara\/ki te\u0161ko povrije\u0111eno, neki su uhap\u0161eni, a nekima je oduzeta ili uni\u0161tena oprema. \n<\/p>\n\n

Prisutni su i ekonomski pritisci, posebno kod novinara\/ki koji rade za lokalne medije, a posebno zbog izbijanja pandemije. Prema Nezavisnom udru\u017eenju novinara, ljudi koji rade za privatne medije svakodnevno se suo\u010davaju sa raznim preprekama \u2013 od finansija do velikog politi\u010dkog pritiska i cenzure. \n<\/p>\n\n

Polo\u017eaj <\/span>novinarki<\/strong> je jo\u0161 gori. One su <\/span>vi\u0161e izlo\u017eene rodno zasnovanom pritisku<\/strong>, posebno u online sferi<\/strong>. Stvari se nisu drasti\u010dno promijenile u prethodnoj godini. Srbija je 2021. godine zadr\u017eala 93. poziciju na listi.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

\"Zašto<\/figure>\n\n

Za\u0161to je Crna Gora sedam mjesta ispod podru\u010dja u kojem je u toku oru\u017eani sukob? \n<\/h2>\n\n

Od \u0161est zemalja zapadnog Balkana, Crna Gora je najgore rangirana prema Svjetskom indeksu slobode medija u 2021<\/strong>. Nalazi se sedam mjesta iza Ukrajine i ispred nje su i zemlje poput Liberije, Malija, Paragvaja, Etiopije, Kenije i Angole.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Institut za medije Crne Gore<\/span><\/a> izbrojao je \u010detrnaest napada na novinare\/ke u prvih devet mjeseci 2021. godine. Naveli su da je to posljedica visokih tenzija i veoma polarizovane politi\u010dke slike u zemlji. Svi napadi se odnose na rad tih novinara\/ka ili na ure\u0111iva\u010dku politiku medija za koje rade. Polovina tih napada upu\u0107ena je novinarkama. Iz Instituta navode da su procesuirani i svi napadi koji su prijavljeni policiji i da je u ve\u0107ini slu\u010dajeva u toku postupak protiv odgovornih.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

2020. godine bilo je 16 registrovanih napada, uklju\u010duju\u0107i hap\u0161enja \u010detvoro novinara\/ki. <\/span>Nekoliko nevladinih organizacija pokrenulo je zahtjev za promjenu Krivi\u010dnog zakona<\/span><\/a> u Crnoj Gori i prepoznavanje novih krivi\u010dnih djela \u2013 spre\u010davanje novinara da radi svoj posao i napad na novinare dok su na <\/span>profesionalnom zadatku \u2013 jer su se uslovi rada za novinare\/ke pogor\u0161ali.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n

Jedan od problema u Crnoj Gori, prema podacima Instituta za medije, jeste spora reakcija vlasti kada je u pitanju uznemiravanje novinara\/ki, dugih procesa u vrlo delikatnim slu\u010dajevima i nepovjerenja u institucije koje godinama nisu uspjele rije\u0161iti slu\u010dajeve napada na novinare\/ke, uklju\u010duju\u0107i ubistvo urednika \u010dasopisa “Dan”, Du\u0161ka Jovanovi\u0107a. <\/p>\n\n

Dakle, sve zemlje zapadnog Balkana imaju jednu zajedni\u010dku karakteristiku \u2013 pandemija je ote\u017eavala novinarima\/kama da rade svoj posao, koji je postao opasniji. Politi\u010dki pritisci su se nastavili a verbalni i online napadi su se pogor\u0161ali. I dok se govori o pribli\u017eavanju kraju pandemije, budu\u0107nost bez prijetnji ili uznemiravanje novinara\/ki na Balkanu jo\u0161 uvijek nije na vidiku. \n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Napadi na novinarke u Evropi porasli su za skoro 17% pro\u0161le godine. Prema podacima Koalicije za \u017eene u novinarstvu, posebno u septembru 2021. Samo tokom tog mjeseca online nasilje nad novinarkama u svijetu poraslo je za 900%. U regionu zapadnog Balkana, uznemiravanje na internetu, ali i verbalne ili fizi\u010dke prijetnje, i dalje su svakodnevnica s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":13761,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[67],"tags":[1184,1183,1182,560],"class_list":["post-13789","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istrazno-novinarstvo","tag-safejournalists-net-bs","tag-slaap-tuzbe","tag-tuzbe","tag-zapadni-balkan","ciTrackContent"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNovinari\/ke na Zapadnom Balkanu su \u010desta meta - Journalift<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/journalift.org\/bhsc\/novinari-ke-na-zapadnom-balkanu-su-cesta-meta\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"bs_BA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Novinari\/ke na Zapadnom Balkanu su \u010desta meta - Journalift\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Napadi na novinarke u Evropi porasli su za skoro 17% pro\u0161le godine. 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