{"id":13982,"date":"2022-04-01T14:49:37","date_gmt":"2022-04-01T12:49:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journalift.org\/si-je\/"},"modified":"2022-04-01T15:33:10","modified_gmt":"2022-04-01T13:33:10","slug":"si-je","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/journalift.org\/sq\/si-je\/","title":{"rendered":"Si je?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Si je?<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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P\u00ebrve\u00e7 pyetjes se si t\u00eb mbroheni nga sulmet fizike ose n\u00eb internet, si t\u00eb reagoni ndaj tyre, kujt t’ia raportoni dhe a duhet t\u00eb hyni n\u00eb nj\u00eb diskutim me sulmuesin, p\u00ebr mir\u00ebqenien e gazetar\u00ebve\/eve \u00e7\u00ebshtja e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb se si t\u00eb merreni me pasojat e mundshme psikologjike. Gazetaret t\u00eb cilat u ekspozuan ndaj ngacmimeve n\u00eb internet e p\u00ebrshkruan ndjenj\u00ebn me fjal\u00ebt \u2013 \u201csikur dikush m\u00eb godiste me t\u00eb gjitha forcat n\u00eb stomak\u201d.<\/span><\/p>

T\u00ebrheqja n\u00eb vetvete, pasiguria, ankthi, madje edhe ndryshimi i qasjes ndaj pun\u00ebs jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm disa nga reagimet e mundshme. Si t’i kap\u00ebrceni ato dhe cilat jan\u00eb teknika p\u00ebr t’ia leht\u00ebsuar vetes situatat q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira p\u00ebr t’u shmangur p\u00ebr Journalift shpjegojn\u00eb <\/span>Tanja Ignjatoviq<\/b> dhe <\/span>Danka Spasovski, <\/b>nga<\/span> Qendra Autonome e Grave<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>

Journalift: <\/b>Si ta njohim traum\u00ebn, pra cilat jan\u00eb shenjat q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb se jemi ekspozuar ndaj saj dhe se \u00ebsht\u00eb koha p\u00ebr t\u00eb reaguar?<\/span><\/p>

AZHC: <\/b>T<\/b>rauma ndodh kur kapaciteti mendor i nj\u00eb personi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i mjaftuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb kap\u00ebrcyer nj\u00eb reagim t\u00eb shkaktuar nga nj\u00eb ngjarje (traumatike). P\u00ebrgjigja natyrore biologjike e organizmit ndaj k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimit\u00a0 t\u00eb integritetit fizik dhe trupor, me q\u00ebllim t\u00eb mbijetes\u00ebs, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00ebra nga dy reagimet: lufta ose ikja. Edhe pse k\u00ebto dy reaksione jan\u00eb mekanizma adaptues, njeriu mund t\u00eb reagoj\u00eb edhe me t\u00eb tret\u00ebn \u2013 pra, me reaksionin e paraliz\u00ebs \u2013 me mpirjen, gjegj\u00ebsisht me munges\u00ebn e nj\u00eb reaksioni.<\/span><\/p>

Shenjat q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb se kemi qen\u00eb t\u00eb ekspozuar ndaj traum\u00ebs p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb: frik\u00ebn, konfuzionin, ndjenjat e pafuqis\u00eb, v\u00ebrshimin me emocione ankthi, shqet\u00ebsimi, trishtimi, d\u00ebshp\u00ebrimi, tmerri. Nj\u00eb person mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb reagime t\u00eb tep\u00ebrta t\u00eb sjelljes, t\u00eb jet\u00eb nervoz ose t\u00eb dridhet n\u00eb \u00e7do tingull ose prani t\u00eb dikujt. Ky lloj simptomash quhet simptoma e zgjimit t\u00eb tepruar, organizmi reagon sikur rreziku \u00ebsht\u00eb ende i pranish\u00ebm. Gjithashtu, ajo q\u00eb karakterizon dhe ve\u00e7on traum\u00ebn si specifike \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebrvojash q\u00eb lidhen me vet\u00eb ngjarjen: kthimi i shpesht\u00eb ose i vazhduesh\u00ebm i imazheve t\u00eb ngjarjes n\u00eb mendime (mendime nd\u00ebrhyr\u00ebse ose p\u00ebrvoja t\u00eb rikthimit), nevoja p\u00ebr t\u00eb menduar vazhdimisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb, makthe. Kjo ve\u00e7ori e traum\u00ebs leht\u00ebson njohjen e saj.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, ka shenja m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira p\u00ebr t’u njohur. Nj\u00ebra prej tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb mungesa e pazakont\u00eb e reagimit pas mbijetimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb ngjarjeje stresuese, indiferenca gjat\u00eb rr\u00ebfimit me detaje. Situatat e tilla shpesh \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb uljen e ashp\u00ebrsis\u00eb s\u00eb traum\u00ebs nga v\u00ebzhguesit ose nga vet\u00eb personi, sepse n\u00eb pamje t\u00eb par\u00eb duket se nuk ka l\u00ebn\u00eb asnj\u00eb pasoj\u00eb. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, p\u00ebrvoja mund t\u00eb fshihet pjes\u00ebrisht nga kujtesa.<\/span><\/p>

Trauma e dhun\u00ebs shpesh shkakton shtypjen e agresionit, i cili nuk mund t\u00eb manifestohej ndaj autorit t\u00eb dhun\u00ebs. Agresioni i akumuluar nuk mund t\u00eb zhduket vetvetiu, ndaj manifestohet n\u00eb disa situata jo t\u00eb rrezikshme, m\u00eb pak konfliktuale, ku \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e \u201csigurt\u201dta nxirret jasht\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Journalift: <\/b>Cilat jan\u00eb pasojat e mundshme t\u00eb ekspozimit afatgjat\u00eb ndaj stresit dhe ngjarjeve traumatike?<\/span><\/p>

AZHC: <\/b>Traumat ndahen n\u00eb ato q\u00eb ndodhin si pasoj\u00eb e nj\u00eb ngjarjeje dhe ato q\u00eb vijn\u00eb nga ekspozimi afatgjat\u00eb ndaj stresit, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb efekt kumulativ.<\/span><\/p>

Trauma e p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur<\/b>, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, \u00e7on n\u00eb sjellje t\u00eb ndryshuara, t\u00eb tilla si n\u00ebnshtrimi, t\u00ebrheqja ose pafuqia e m\u00ebsuar q\u00eb \u00e7on n\u00eb depresion.<\/span><\/p>

Vuajtja nga ndjenjat e r\u00ebnda, si frika, ankthi, ndjenjat e posht\u00ebrimit, kufizimi i sjelljes s\u00eb lir\u00eb, trishtimi dhe depresioni p\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb kohore, p\u00ebr pasoj\u00eb \u00e7on n\u00eb shterjen e kapaciteteve t\u00eb trupit p\u00ebr funksionim optimal. Vuajtja nga stresi dhe trauma shpesh prodhon s\u00ebmundje psikosomatike, si nj\u00eb efekt kumulativ, si presioni i lart\u00eb i gjakut, migrena, s\u00ebmundjet e tiroides,i thati n\u00eb lukth dhe probleme t\u00eb tjera gastrointestinale, atak n\u00eb zem\u00ebr, artriti reumatoid, astma dhe s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb tjera serioze kronike.. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, mund t\u00eb rezultoj\u00eb n\u00eb zhvillimin e sjelljeve t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatshme, t\u00eb tilla si marrja e vet\u00eb-inicuar t\u00eb drogave ose var\u00ebsia nga droga, alkooli dhe substancat psikoaktive. Nj\u00eb person n\u00eb gjendje vuajtjeje mund ta kthej\u00eb agresionin dhe shkat\u00ebrrimin drejt vetes, t\u00eb vet\u00ebd\u00ebmtohet, t\u00eb tentoj\u00eb t\u00eb kryej\u00eb ose t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb vet\u00ebvrasje.<\/span><\/p>

Journalift:<\/b> P\u00ebrve\u00e7 formave t\u00eb dukshme t\u00eb sjelljes s\u00eb dhunshme, sulmeve verbale dhe fizike, \u00e7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb shenj\u00eb se dikush \u00ebsht\u00eb viktim\u00eb e ngacmimit? Ku \u00ebsht\u00eb kufiri, pra si mundet nj\u00eb person p.sh n\u00eb redaksi t’i dalloj\u00eb kritikat e zakonshme nga ngacmimi?\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

AZHC: Ngacmimi<\/b> \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb spekt\u00ebr sjelljesh (verbale, joverbale ose fizike) q\u00eb shkakton shqet\u00ebsim, frik\u00eb ose krijon nj\u00eb mjedis armiq\u00ebsor, degradues ose abuziv. Mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb ose veprime t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritura, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb shnd\u00ebrrohet n\u00eb abuzim. Tallje, “shaka” fyese, gjestikulim, kualifikime negative t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruara te personi, motivet, ndjenjat e tjetrit, komente t\u00eb fokusuara tek trupi\/dukja, mohim i vazhduesh\u00ebm i gjith\u00e7kaje q\u00eb b\u00ebn personi, injorim i q\u00ebllimsh\u00ebm, frik\u00ebsim indirekt, k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet implicite dhe shum\u00eb veprime t\u00eb tjera mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb ngacmim. Disa veprime nuk duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrisht t\u00eb pak\u00ebndshme (nga jasht\u00eb), por ato jan\u00eb gjithashtu ngacmuese – si v\u00ebmendja e vazhdueshme e pad\u00ebshiruar, intimiteti, lajkat, favorizimi publik … Ne e njohim ngacmimin nga p\u00ebrvoja personale – parehati, shqet\u00ebsim, tension, ankth, turp, faj, frik\u00eb, zem\u00ebrim, inat, pafuqi… – nga reagimi ndaj nj\u00eb sjelljeje t\u00eb till\u00eb dhe nevoja p\u00ebr ta mbrojtur vet\u00ebn, ose p\u00ebr t’i shmangur njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb sillen n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb. Kufiri vendoset nga personi q\u00eb i ekspozohet nj\u00eb sjelljeje t\u00eb till\u00eb (asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nga personi q\u00eb sillet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb). Do t\u00eb ishte gabim t’i p\u00ebrgjigjesh nj\u00eb personi q\u00eb ndjen ankth me fjal\u00ebt “nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb asgj\u00eb”, “\u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb shaka”, “je shum\u00eb i ndjesh\u00ebm”, “u ndodh t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve, ne i durojm\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha” dhe si. Ekziston nj\u00eb dallim i qart\u00eb midis kritikave “t\u00eb zakonshme” dhe ngacmimeve<\/span>. Kritika<\/b> duhet t’i drejtohet nj\u00eb aktiviteti, veprimi ose vepre, jo nj\u00eb personi. Ai p\u00ebrmban nj\u00eb mesazh t\u00eb qart\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e mir\u00eb n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb veprim ose pun\u00eb, \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb rregullohet dhe n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb m\u00ebnyre (sugjerim).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Journalift: <\/b>\u00c7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb ngacmimi seksual?<\/span><\/p>

AZHC:<\/b> Nj\u00eb form\u00eb specifike e ngacmimit \u00ebsht\u00eb <\/span>ngacmimi seksual<\/b>, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i zakonsh\u00ebm tek grat\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrfshin \u00e7do form\u00eb t\u00eb sjelljes s\u00eb pad\u00ebshiruar verbale, joverbale ose fizike t\u00eb natyr\u00ebs seksuale me q\u00ebllim ose rezultat t\u00eb cenimit t\u00eb dinjitetit, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht kur krijohet nj\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb t\u00eb frikshme, armiq\u00ebsore, degraduese ose fyese.<\/span> Dukurit\u00eb e nd\u00ebrlidhura p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb <\/span>shantazhin seksual<\/b>, gjegj\u00ebsisht sjelljen n\u00eb form\u00eb sugjerimesh, propozimesh dhe k\u00ebrkesash p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb natyr\u00ebs seksuale, me q\u00ebllim t\u00eb ushtrimit t\u00eb disa t\u00eb drejtave ose p\u00ebrmbushjes s\u00eb detyrimeve ose k\u00ebrc\u00ebnime se n\u00eb rast t\u00eb refuzimit p\u00ebr ta ofruar sh\u00ebrbimin e k\u00ebrkuar do t\u00eb rrezikohen t\u00eb drejtat, p\u00ebrmbushja e detyrimeve do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsuar ose q\u00eb do t\u00eb paraqiten t\u00eb dh\u00ebna q\u00eb mund t\u00eb d\u00ebmtojn\u00eb reputacionin dhe nderin e nj\u00eb personi ose personave t\u00eb tij t\u00eb af\u00ebrt.<\/span><\/p>

Seksizmi<\/b> (ose diskriminimi seksist) \u00ebsht\u00eb sjellje verbale dhe joverbale q\u00eb shpreh (ose p\u00ebrhap) paragjykime q\u00eb lidhen me gjinin\u00eb ose orientimin seksual t\u00eb nj\u00eb personi. <\/span>Objektivizimi seksual<\/b> \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb komentim i pamjes dhe pjes\u00ebve t\u00eb trupit (q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrisht negativ dhe fyes) p\u00ebrmes t\u00eb cilit t\u00ebrheqja seksuale e perceptuar e nj\u00eb personi vendoset si nj\u00eb karakteristik\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrcakton vler\u00ebn e tij, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb vler\u00ebsoj\u00eb aft\u00ebsin\u00eb e tij , aktivit, ide(nj\u00eb shembull tipik \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimi i fjal\u00ebs “gjinia m\u00eb e bukur” ose “kukull”).<\/span><\/p>

Journalift: <\/b>\u00c7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar ose parandaluar ngacmimet p\u00ebrpara se gjith\u00e7ka t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb shum\u00eb larg dhe pasojat t\u00eb b\u00ebhen shum\u00eb serioze?<\/span><\/p>

AZHC:<\/b> Kur nj\u00eb sjellje perceptohet si e pak\u00ebndshme dhe shqet\u00ebsuese, mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb q\u00eb personi t\u00eb v\u00ebrshohet nga ndjenjat. Kjo mund t\u00eb bllokoj\u00eb, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mos ket\u00eb reagim, ose mund t\u00eb na inkurajoj\u00eb t\u00eb reagojm\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb dhunshme(agresion, sulm, t\u00eb qar\u00ebt) gj\u00eb q\u00eb duam ta shmangim. Dikush mund t\u00eb ndiej\u00eb konfuzion, pasiguri n\u00eb vler\u00ebsimin e vet n\u00ebse ajo q\u00eb ka ndodhur dhe po ndodh \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb ngacmim ose ne e keqkuptojm\u00eb situat\u00ebn, a b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr mbindjeshm\u00ebri, mosgatishm\u00ebri p\u00ebr t’i pranuar kritikat ose dyshim se vet\u00eb personi ka kontribuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb sjellje dhe shqet\u00ebsim t\u00eb till\u00eb.Njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb t\u00eb prirur p\u00ebr ngacmim dhe abuzim ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb nxisin konfuzion dhe paqart\u00ebsi n\u00eb situata, sepse kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00ebnyra p\u00ebr ta shmangur p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsin\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>

Nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t’u p\u00ebrpjekur t\u00eb ndaloni dhe parandaloni ngacmimet \u00ebsht\u00eb t’i tregoni qart\u00eb personit tjet\u00ebr se \u00e7far\u00eb po shkakton reagimet e pak\u00ebndshme lidhur me sjelljen e tij dhe \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ndryshohet. Kjo m\u00ebnyr\u00eb komunikimi dhe sjelljeje quhet <\/span>sjellje pohuese<\/b>. Kultura jon\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e prirur ta zhvilloj\u00eb komunikimin pohues , por ai mund t\u00eb praktikohet dhe p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsohet.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0N\u00eb situata ngacmimi dhe dhune, mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet <\/span>mb\u00ebshtetjen <\/b>e kolegeve dhe koleg\u00ebve. \u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb person i cili ofron mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb d\u00ebgjoj\u00eb – n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb aktive dhe empatike – n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb kuptoj\u00eb ndjenjat dhe nevojat e personit t\u00eb l\u00ebnduar, t’i tregoj\u00eb personit q\u00eb ai \u00ebsht\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, problemi duhet t\u00eb kuptohet nga k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimi i tij. T\u00eb mbijetuar\u00ebs duhet t’i besohet, t\u00eb pranohen p\u00ebrvojat e saj, t\u00eb konfirmohen, t\u00eb njohet padrejt\u00ebsia, t\u00eb mos e d\u00ebnohet, duhet ta ndihmohet at\u00eb ta shoh\u00eb m\u00eb qart\u00eb situat\u00ebn, t\u00eb mos ofrohet k\u00ebshilla dhe zgjidhje t\u00eb gatshme, t\u00eb respektohen vendimet dhe zgjedhjet e saj, duhet t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetet q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse ndaj vetes, t\u00eb kujdeset p\u00ebr veten dhe t\u00eb merr vendime n\u00eb interesin e saj m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb respektimi i\u00a0 privat\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe konfidencialitetin e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnies, si dhe koh\u00ebn q\u00eb i duhet viktim\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar ndjenjat dhe pasojat. N\u00ebse situata e ngacmimit dhe keqtrajtimit \u00ebsht\u00eb ndjekur nga \u201cv\u00ebzhguesit \u201cdhe \u201cd\u00ebshmitar\u00ebt\u201d do t\u00eb ishte e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen dhe ta mb\u00ebshtesin viktim\u00ebn.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Mekanizmat e brendsh\u00ebm t\u00eb mbrojtjes<\/b><\/h2>

\u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb \u00e7do redaksi t\u00eb ket\u00eb <\/span>mekanizma t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm<\/b> t\u00eb mbrojtjes s\u00eb viktim\u00ebs. Kjo mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb procedur\u00eb konsultative joformale q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb konfidenciale dhe nuk p\u00ebrfshin evindettim zyrtar me t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat personale t\u00eb personit q\u00eb raporton ngacmimin.. Kjo procedur\u00eb duhet t\u00eb kryhet nga nj\u00eb ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb persona t\u00eb besuesh\u00ebm q\u00eb e kan\u00eb ekspertiz\u00ebn dhe q\u00eb do t’i ofrojn\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje viktim\u00ebs, do ta informoj\u00eb rregullisht at\u00eb dhe do t’u propozoj\u00eb autoriteteve masat e mundshme parandaluese.. Mekanizmi i mbrojtjes mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb krejt\u00ebsisht i ndrysh\u00ebm – formal. Personi i cili konsideron se \u00ebsht\u00eb viktim\u00eb e ngacmimit mund t\u00eb inicoj\u00eb procedur\u00eb formale p\u00ebr denoncimit e vepr\u00ebs dhe personit q\u00eb e ka b\u00ebr\u00eb at\u00eb n\u00eb komision kompetent, i cili do ta shqyrtoj\u00eb denoncimin dhe t\u00eb gjitha provat dhe do t\u00eb vendos\u00eb n\u00ebse ngacmimi apo abuzimi ka ndodhur n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast.<\/span><\/p>

Pavar\u00ebsisht nga procedurat e brendshme t\u00eb mbrojtjes, nj\u00eb person q\u00eb ka qen\u00eb i ekspozuar ndaj ngacmimit ose abuzimit mund t\u00eb filloj\u00eb gjithashtu procedurat e duhura gjyq\u00ebsore – civile p\u00ebr mbrojtje nga diskriminimi, ose penale p\u00ebr ngacmim dhe p\u00ebrndjekje seksuale. N\u00eb rast se ngacmimi dhe dhuna kryhen nga nj\u00eb person me t\u00eb cilin ka ekzistuar nj\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie emocionale\/intime, \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb merren masa urgjente dhe urgjente t\u00eb zgjatura ose masa p\u00ebr t’u mbrojtur nga dhuna.<\/span><\/p>

Journalift: <\/b>Si t\u00eb reagoni n\u00eb momentin e nj\u00eb sulmi apo ngacmimi, dom\u00ebth\u00ebn\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb pasi t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb? A ka taktika q\u00eb mund t\u00eb na ndihmojn\u00eb t\u00eb minimizojm\u00eb pasojat e mundshme?<\/span><\/p>

AZHC: <\/b>Sa her\u00eb q\u00eb ekziston nj\u00eb rrezik i drejt\u00ebp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb i nj\u00eb sulmi, gj\u00ebja m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb mendohet p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb e personit q\u00eb ekspozohet. N\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur, \u00ebsht\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb zhvillohen strategji q\u00eb zvog\u00eblojn\u00eb rreziqet e nj\u00eb sulmi. Mendoni p\u00ebr gj\u00ebra t\u00eb tilla si\u00e7 jan\u00eb: streha e sigurt, organizimi i takimeve t\u00eb biznesit n\u00eb vende publike, njohja e koleg\u00ebve dhe miqve t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb me situat\u00ebn dhe organizimi i nj\u00eb sinjali p\u00ebr ndihm\u00eb n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb shmangni p\u00ebrdorimin e telefonave privat\u00eb p\u00ebr thirrjet e biznesit, mbajini me vete gjithmon\u00eb numrat e njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb mund t’i telefononi n\u00eb raste urgjente, ndryshoni rrug\u00ebn kur shkoni dhe ktheheni nga puna. Kur nj\u00eb sulm, pavar\u00ebsisht masave paraprake, megjithat\u00eb ndodh, \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme ta denonconi, t’i dokumentoni mesazhet, t\u00eb shkoni te mjeku. Nj\u00eb thirrje p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimet ose organizatat q\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb ndihm\u00eb p\u00ebr viktimat e dhun\u00ebs mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb gjithashtu e dobishme.<\/span><\/p>

Pas sulmit, kur personi ndodhet n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb sigurt, \u00ebsht\u00eb koha e duhur p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar mb\u00ebshtetje joformale – nga miqt\u00eb, t\u00eb af\u00ebrmit dhe koleg\u00ebt, ose formale, nga personat dhe sh\u00ebrbimet kompetente.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Journalift:<\/b> \u00c7far\u00eb q\u00ebndrimi duhet mbajtur ndaj sulmuesit?<\/span><\/p>

AZHC: <\/b>\u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb kihet parasysh se sulmuesi \u00ebsht\u00eb <\/span>p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs <\/b>p\u00ebr veprat q\u00eb kryen.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Personi q\u00eb sulmohet duhet t\u00eb kujdeset p\u00ebr veten e tij. Ai nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb me sulmuesin.<\/span>
<\/span>Ata mund t\u00eb minimizojn\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb, apo edhe t\u00eb mohojn\u00eb se ka ndodhur di\u00e7ka. Jan\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00eb n\u00eb shtremb\u00ebrimin e situat\u00ebs, ndaj mund t\u00eb faj\u00ebsojn\u00eb leht\u00ebsisht rrethanat ose personin e ekspozuar p\u00ebr veprat q\u00eb kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb. Jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje ta rrisin presionin (k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet dhe frik\u00ebsimet) n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb ta parandalojn\u00eb viktim\u00ebn t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb ndihm\u00eb. Kur e vler\u00ebsojn\u00eb t\u00eb dobishme, ata mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb falje, t\u00eb shprehin keqardhje ose t\u00eb premtojn\u00eb se nuk do t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebrisin nj\u00eb sjellje t\u00eb till\u00eb, madje t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb sjellsh\u00ebm n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb theksuar ose t\u00eb japin dhurata (zakonisht n\u00ebse mund t\u00eb shmangin denoncimin dhe sanksionimin). Personi q\u00eb mbijetoi nj\u00eb sulm ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb vendos\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb interesin e tij m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb, dmth \u00e7far\u00eb lloj marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieje (dhe n\u00ebse fare) d\u00ebshiron me autorin. Kjo mund t\u00eb varet nga situata specifike, nga karakteristikat e vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb kryer, nga pasojat, si dhe nga sjellja e autorit.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Journalift:<\/b> \u00c7far\u00eb teknikash vet\u00ebndihme mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim p\u00ebr t\u00eb dal\u00eb nga situata stresuese? \u00c7far\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ulur nivelin e stresit menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas sulmit dhe \u00e7far\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb kur gj\u00ebrat qet\u00ebsohen pak?<\/span><\/p>

AZHC:<\/b> Kur ndodh nj\u00eb sulm, p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsia \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb personi mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebs ose e mbijetuara vet\u00eb, n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur, t\u00eb gjej\u00eb nj\u00eb <\/span>vend t\u00eb sigurt<\/b>, ose t\u00eb largohet nga vendi i ngjarjes.<\/span>
<\/span>Para s\u00eb gjithash, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb ndani informacionin p\u00ebr sulmin me personin ose personat q\u00eb mund t\u00eb japin mb\u00ebshtetje. P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e institucioneve sigurisht q\u00eb mund dhe duhet ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb, por n\u00eb situatat kur nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb kryhet, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb p\u00ebrvoja e stresit t\u00eb mbijetuar t\u00eb ndahet me nj\u00eb person t\u00eb beszesh\u00ebm.<\/span><\/p>

T\u00eb folurit<\/b> p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ngjarje traumatike t\u00eb mbijetuar ka disa funksione: <\/span>ventilim<\/b> – shkarkimi i emocioneve negative, frik\u00ebs, trishtimit dhe pafuqis\u00eb; <\/span>vlefshm\u00ebria<\/b> – trauma \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e leht\u00eb p\u00ebr t’u duruar kur dikush tjet\u00ebr pranon se ajo q\u00eb i ka ndodhur \u00ebsht\u00eb dhun\u00eb, kupton dhe konfirmon se \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb; <\/span>informimi<\/b> i njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb p\u00ebr dhun\u00ebn e mbijetuar ndihmon n\u00eb marrjen e veprimeve konkrete q\u00eb do t\u00eb parandalojn\u00eb dhun\u00ebn e m\u00ebtejshme nga sulmuesit.<\/span><\/p>

Nj\u00eb teknik\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb grua mund ta zbatoj\u00eb vet\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas sulmit, n\u00ebse ndihet e v\u00ebrshuar nga ndjenjat e ankthit dhe ka nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb rikuperohet dhe t\u00eb kthehet n\u00eb realitet, \u00ebsht\u00eb e ashtuquajtura teknika e “<\/span>tok\u00ebzimit” (grounding<\/b>). Ajo duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrohet n\u00eb mjedisin e saj dhe at\u00eb q\u00eb e percepton n\u00eb t\u00eb, k\u00ebtu dhe tani. Duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb 5 gj\u00ebra: t\u00eb gjej\u00eb dhe t\u00eb shikoj\u00eb pes\u00eb objekte n\u00eb mjedisin e saj p\u00ebr disa sekonda, t\u00eb prek\u00eb kat\u00ebr gj\u00ebra dhe t\u00eb ndjej\u00eb struktur\u00ebn e tyre, t\u00eb d\u00ebgjoj\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar tre tinguj n\u00eb sfond (s\u00eb pari m\u00eb t\u00eb zhurmshmit, pastaj m\u00eb t\u00eb qet\u00eb), t\u00eb nuhas\u00eb dy gj\u00ebra dhe t\u00eb shijoj\u00eb nj\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0Kjo teknik\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e dobishme kur pasojat traumatike, sulmet e panikut ose mbrojtjet disociuese kund\u00ebr traum\u00ebs (ndarja e ndjenjave) jan\u00eb t\u00eb pranishme.<\/span><\/p>

Disa teknika t\u00eb vet\u00eb-ndihm\u00ebs mund t\u00eb shihen si spontane: nj\u00eb gruaje do t’i duhet t\u00eb flas\u00eb me dik\u00eb, t\u00eb qaj\u00eb, t\u00eb strehohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb sigurt. Megjithat\u00eb, kjo zakonisht nuk mjafton p\u00ebr t\u00eb neutralizuar reaksionin stresues, ndaj \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme, n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur, t\u00eb aplikohen disa teknika <\/span>relaksimi<\/b>, t\u00eb cilat sigurisht do t\u00eb kontribuojn\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7lirimin e tensionit.<\/span><\/p>

Megjithat\u00eb, kur kalon gjendja e reagimit t\u00eb menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm ndaj stresit, organizmi fillon t\u00eb relaksohet, por nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb \u00e7liroj\u00eb tensionin, pritet t\u00eb ndodhin disa reagime emocionale dhe fizike. Ka nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb teknikash relaksimi t\u00eb provuara dhe t\u00eb testuara q\u00eb mund t\u00eb praktikohen me iniciativ\u00ebn tuaj, por \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t’i kushtoni v\u00ebmendje efektit q\u00eb ato prodhojn\u00eb – n\u00ebse ka ndonj\u00eb shqet\u00ebsim, \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb ta ndaloni ushtrimin.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0Nj\u00eb metod\u00eb e njohur qet\u00ebsimi \u00ebsht\u00eb <\/span>frym\u00ebmarrje<\/b> \u2013 duhet t\u00eb merrni frym\u00eb nga barku, jo n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb cek\u00ebt, \u00e7do frym\u00ebmarrje duhet t\u00eb zgjas\u00eb 4-5 sekonda, si dhe \u00e7do\u00a0 frym\u00ebnxjerrje. Kjo duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet 4-5 her\u00eb, me sy t\u00eb mbyllur, n\u00ebse grua e ka m\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00eb. Krahas ushtrimeve t\u00eb frym\u00ebmarrjes, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren\u00a0 edhe duart, duke i f\u00ebrkuar p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00ebt, t\u00eb cilat k\u00ebshtu t\u00eb ngrohura vendosen n\u00eb bark (n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ndjekin frym\u00eb-nxjerrjen).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

N\u00ebse ekziston ndonj\u00eb problem me gjumin, <\/span>relaksimi i muskujve<\/b> para gjumit, n\u00eb pozicion t\u00eb shtrir\u00eb, mund t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb mbi t\u00eb. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ushtrim, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb lini m\u00ebnjan\u00eb pak koh\u00eb, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb qet\u00ebsie. Niset nga muskujt e k\u00ebmb\u00ebve (shput\u00ebve), m\u00eb pas ngjitet m\u00eb lart\u00eb, pastaj bartet n\u00eb krah\u00eb dhe n\u00eb fund n\u00eb muskujt e qaf\u00ebs dhe fytyr\u00ebs. N\u00eb fillim, muskujt sht\u00ebrgohen sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb dhe sa m\u00eb fort t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur, dhe m\u00eb pas relaksohen. K\u00ebshtu veprohet me t\u00eb gjitha grupet e muskujve dhe pas apo gjat\u00eb ushtrimit gruaja mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb imagjinat\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb q\u00eb ajo e do dhe e percepton si qet\u00ebsuese (mund\u00ebsisht nj\u00eb vend n\u00eb natyr\u00eb – pyll, breg deti, uj\u00eb\u2026).<\/span><\/p>

Disa gjendje nuk tolerojn\u00eb ushtrime meditative apo statike, n\u00ebse ankthi kthehet apo p\u00ebrforcohet, ndaj duhet di\u00e7ka m\u00eb <\/span>dinamike<\/b>.<\/span> K\u00ebshtu mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet edhe tundja e trupit:<\/span> Duhet t\u00eb qendroni drejt\u00eb, por me qet\u00ebsi, me k\u00ebmb\u00eb pak t\u00eb ndara, dhe m\u00eb pas shkundni duart, mjaft\u00eb e fort\u00eb, por jo aq, sa t\u00eb jet\u00eb e pak\u00ebndshme.<\/span> Vijojn\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00ebt, pastaj i gjith\u00eb trupi. Kjo e \u00e7liron trupin nga tensioni i tep\u00ebrt, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb.<\/span> Gjithashtu, tendosja afatshkurt\u00ebr fizike por intensiv, mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e dobishme (vrapimi lart e posht\u00eb shkall\u00ebve, k\u00ebrcimi) p\u00ebr t\u00eb ulur niveli i ankthit.<\/span><\/p>

K\u00ebto teknika mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb dobishme n\u00eb situata kur llojet e tjera t\u00eb ndihm\u00ebs nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb disponueshme dhe mund t\u00eb praktikohen pa rrezikun e d\u00ebmtimit, me kusht q\u00eb reagimi i trupit t\u00eb d\u00ebgjohet dhe ushtrimi t\u00eb ndalet me \u00e7do aluzion q\u00eb ajo q\u00eb po b\u00ebhet nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e k\u00ebndshme. Megjithat\u00eb, tejkalimi i traum\u00ebs zakonisht k\u00ebrkon <\/span>mb\u00ebshtetje terapeutike<\/b>, t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar n\u00eb bised\u00eb, p\u00ebrpunimin mendor t\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebs traumatike dhe integrimin e saj me pjes\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebs, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb proces.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Journalift:<\/b> Si t\u00eb dim\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb koha p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar ndihm\u00eb profesionale?<\/span><\/p>

AZHC:<\/b> Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb ankthi vazhdon edhe pas p\u00ebrpjekjes s\u00eb kap\u00ebrcyerjes s\u00eb saj n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00ebdo m\u00ebnyre. N\u00ebse nj\u00eb person ndihet i v\u00ebrshuar me ankth, trishtim ose fillon p\u00ebrjetimin e ndjenjave d\u00ebshp\u00ebruese, ai duhet patjet\u00ebr ta k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb <\/span>ndihm\u00ebn profesionale<\/b>. I nj\u00ebjti rekomandim \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr disa ndjenja m\u00eb pak intensive, por q\u00eb zgjasin aq gjat\u00eb sa nj\u00eb person t\u00eb filloj\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb zakonet dhe rutinat e tij t\u00eb jet\u00ebs n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb ai t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel m\u00eb t\u00eb keq. Nuk ekziston nj\u00eb koh\u00eb e p\u00ebrcaktuarq\u00eb qart\u00eb e cila mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb tregues se kur duhet t’i drejtohet nj\u00eb eksperti – mjafton q\u00eb nj\u00eb person t\u00eb v\u00ebrej\u00eb se di\u00e7ka ka ndryshuar n\u00eb funksionimin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm: n\u00eb pun\u00eb, n\u00eb familje, n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet me miqt\u00eb ose partnerin.\u00a0 Treguesit jan\u00eb edhe ndryshime n\u00eb shprehit\u00eb e higjien\u00ebs personale, higjien\u00ebs s\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb, ndryshimet n\u00eb diet\u00eb, ritmin e gjumit, partneritetet dhe marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet seksuale.Mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb person t\u00eb b\u00ebhet m\u00eb pak produktiv ose jofunksional n\u00eb kryerjen e pun\u00ebs, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e ka b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb funkcionale deri n\u00eb ngjarjen e incidentit, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, ai mund t\u00eb ndihet i lodhur dhe i rraskapitur, dhe mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb rezistenc\u00eb ndaj gj\u00ebrave q\u00eb deri at\u00ebher\u00eb ishin interesante dhe t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse p\u00ebr t\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>

Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb kan\u00eb pasur pasoja traumatike nuk v\u00ebrejn\u00eb ndryshime n\u00eb sjelljen e tyre, por njer\u00ebzit nga mjedisi q\u00eb e njohin mir\u00eb personin ose e shohin at\u00eb \u00e7do dit\u00eb e b\u00ebjn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00ebGjithsesi, n\u00eb k\u00ebto situata \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet mb\u00ebshtetja profesionale p\u00ebr tejkalimin e traum\u00ebs, sepse p\u00ebrvoja traumatike, pavar\u00ebsisht potencialit t\u00eb saj p\u00ebr t\u00eb degraduar cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e jet\u00ebs, i n\u00ebnshtrohet ndryshimit. Sigurisht, \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb filloni me zgjidhjen e kriz\u00ebs q\u00eb trauma shkakton, sa m\u00eb her\u00ebt, por gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb punoni me vet\u00ebn tuaj, edhe n\u00ebse ka kaluar pak koh\u00eb nga ngjarja. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>


<\/span>Journalift: <\/b>A ka ndonj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur apo mbajtur nj\u00eb balanc\u00eb, pra p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur potencialet tona mbrojt\u00ebse, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb ekspozimi i shpesht\u00eb ndaj ngacmimeve t\u00eb mos na ndikonte aq shum\u00eb? A mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb kjo nj\u00eb form\u00eb parandalimi?<\/span><\/p>

AZHC:<\/b> Sado p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb q\u00eb keni me ngacmim dhe me zhvillimin e strategjis\u00eb s\u00eb ballafaqimit me t\u00eb,\u00a0 p\u00ebrs\u00ebri pritet t\u00eb skajtoj\u00eb nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb caktuar stresi.<\/span> Megjithat\u00eb, kapacitetet tona mund t\u00eb rriten dhe t\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb rezistojm\u00eb m\u00eb leht\u00eb, dhe pasojat q\u00eb i kemi do t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb pak t\u00eb r\u00ebnda.<\/span>
<\/span>Ashtu si organik, edhe \u201cimuniteti\u201d psikologjik nd\u00ebrtohet me kalimin e koh\u00ebs dhe ndikohet nga nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i madh faktor\u00ebsh, por nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb statik dhe mund t\u00eb zhvillohet.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Gj\u00ebja e par\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb sigurojm\u00eb kushte n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat trupi yn\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb vuaj\u00eb – sepse sa m\u00eb i lodhur dhe i rraskapitur t\u00eb jet\u00eb trupi, aq m\u00eb i ul\u00ebt do t\u00eb jet\u00eb pragu i toleranc\u00ebs p\u00ebr \u00e7do lloj stresi. Gjumi dhe pushimi i mjaftuesh\u00ebm, kushtimi i koh\u00ebs s\u00eb lir\u00eb p\u00ebr aktivitetet dhe njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb i duam, praktikimi i hobive, aktiviteti fizik – jan\u00eb parakushte p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb baze t\u00eb fort\u00eb p\u00ebr rezistenc\u00ebn psikologjike.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

M\u00ebsimi i <\/span>aft\u00ebsive t\u00eb reja<\/b> mund t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb rritjen e vet\u00ebbesimit dhe forcimin e autonomis\u00eb s\u00eb personalitetit. Nj\u00eb prej tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb teknika e <\/span>komunikimit pohues<\/b>, e cila pasuron grupin e aft\u00ebsive t\u00eb komunikimit. Duke zhvilluar komunikimin pohues, nj\u00eb person i jep vetes leje t\u00eb thot\u00eb n\u00ebse di\u00e7ka e shqet\u00ebson, ta drejtoj\u00eb at\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb tek nj\u00eb person q\u00eb sillet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb agresive. Sjellja e sigurt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e lidhur ngusht\u00eb me t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr <\/span>kufijt\u00eb<\/b> e veta, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt njer\u00ebzit agresiv\u00eb tentojn\u00eb t’i kalojn\u00eb. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, njer\u00ebzit n\u00eb nj\u00eb pozicion pasiv jan\u00eb t\u00eb prirur t\u00eb mos i mbajn\u00eb kufijt\u00eb mjaft t\u00eb fort\u00eb por t\u00eb mbajn\u00eb veten n\u00eb situata ku nuk ndihen mir\u00eb, sepse nuk kan\u00eb rehat ta shprehin at\u00eb me z\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb<\/span> Sjellja e sigurt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb karakteristik\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb balanc\u00eb midis t\u00ebrheqjes dhe sulmit, por nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e lindur ose e pandryshuesh\u00ebm: ajo m\u00ebsohet dhe p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsohet me kalimin e koh\u00ebs. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kuptim, n\u00ebse mbijetoni p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb sulmi, do t\u00eb ishte mir\u00eb ta njihni dhe ta cil\u00ebsoni at\u00eb si sjellje agresive, t\u00eb mbani kufijt\u00eb sa m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb dhe t\u00eb shmangni hyrjen n\u00eb nj\u00eb pozicion pasiv, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin do t\u00eb rishqyrtoni veten ose k\u00ebrkoni fajin n\u00eb vet\u00ebn tuaj.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0Nj\u00eb strategji e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr ngritjen e kapaciteteve n\u00eb situata q\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb sjellje t\u00eb dhunshme <\/span>\u00ebsht\u00eb lidhja dhe rrjet\u00ebzimi<\/b> me organizatat dhe, n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur, me institucionet q\u00eb merren me aspektet dhe mund\u00ebsit\u00eb ligjore (t\u00eb grave) n\u00eb situata t\u00eb dhun\u00ebs. Njohja e procedurave ligjore, si dhe adresave ku (grat\u00eb) mund t\u00eb drejtohen, gjithmon\u00eb fuqizon sepse kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se ajo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e pafuqishme, se nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e vetmja s\u00eb cil\u00ebs i ndodh kjo, se k\u00ebto situata jan\u00eb t\u00eb njohura p\u00ebr profesionist\u00ebt, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb ka mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb ndryshme q\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur veten nga ngacmuesit.<\/span><\/p>

Journalift: <\/b>Ngacmimi n\u00eb internet \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb shum\u00eb i zakonsh\u00ebm. Mbi 73% e gazetareve n\u00eb bot\u00eb e kan\u00eb p\u00ebrjetuar at\u00eb, sipas nj\u00eb sondazhi t\u00eb UNESCO-s. Disa nga gazetaret kan\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar sesi ngacmimi online ka ndikuar n\u00eb jet\u00ebn dhe pun\u00ebn e tyre me fjalin\u00eb e m\u00ebposhtme: \u201cNdihesha sikur dikush m\u00eb kishte goditur n\u00eb stomak\u201d.Cili \u00ebsht\u00eb reagimi i zakonsh\u00ebm ndaj ngacmimeve n\u00eb internet? \u00c7far\u00eb ndjenjash dhe \u00e7far\u00eb pasojash nj\u00eb person mund t\u00eb pres\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilloj\u00eb\u00a0 n\u00ebse gjendet n\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb?<\/span><\/p>

AZHC:<\/b> Mund t\u00eb thuhet se natyra dhe shkaqet e ngacmimeve dhe dhun\u00ebs n\u00eb internet nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme nga dhuna jasht\u00eb internetit, por dallohen “mjetet” , dukshm\u00ebria e nj\u00eb dhune t\u00eb till\u00eb (ajo p\u00ebrhapet m\u00eb shpejt, provat mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb fshehura) si dhe ligjet q\u00eb i rregullojn\u00eb hap\u00ebsirat n\u00eb internet. hap\u00ebsirat. Disa karakteristika t\u00eb hap\u00ebsirave online mund t\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb lloj ngacmimi dhe dhune. Anonimiteti mund ta p\u00ebrforcoj\u00eb nj\u00eb dhun\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb ndjenj\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb ose besimit se dikush nuk duhet t\u00eb ndjek\u00eb rregullat q\u00eb zbatohen n\u00eb bot\u00ebn reale. Fotografit\u00eb, komentet dhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat fyese, t\u00eb dhunshme ose eksplicite t\u00eb publikuara n\u00eb internet mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapen shpejt dhe te nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i madh njer\u00ebzish, pa asnj\u00eb gjurm\u00eb, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb viktim\u00ebn t\u00eb pambrojtur dhe pa kontroll mbi privat\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre.<\/span><\/p>

Edhe pse opsionet p\u00ebr raportimin e ngacmimeve apo postimeve t\u00eb dhunshme n\u00eb rrjetet sociale po p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsohen, ende nuk ka p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfundimin e proceseve t\u00eb nisura dhe p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e viktimave p\u00ebrmes politikave t\u00eb rrjeteve sociale. Interneti nuk harron \u2013 fotografit\u00eb e publikuara, t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat dhe rezultatet e k\u00ebrkimit mbeten t\u00eb disponueshme n\u00eb m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb ndryshme, gj\u00eb q\u00eb e b\u00ebn ngacmimin dhe dhun\u00ebn t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme, pra e b\u00ebn q\u00eb viktima t\u00eb jet\u00eb e p\u00ebrndjekur.<\/span><\/p>

Ngacmimi dhe dhuna online jan\u00eb nj\u00ebsoj t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme dhe me pasoja po aq t\u00eb r\u00ebnda p\u00ebr jet\u00ebn e viktim\u00ebs, si \u00e7do ngacmim dhe dhun\u00eb tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb realitetin fizik. Pasojat psikologjike (t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuara si m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebndat) mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb tension, nervoziz\u00ebm, ankth\/frik\u00eb, reagime depresive, humbje t\u00eb vet\u00ebbesimit\/b\u00ebsimit n\u00eb njer\u00ebz t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, pasiguri, konfuzion, faj, d\u00ebshp\u00ebrim, pafuqi, zem\u00ebrim, t\u00ebrbim, agresion, humbje t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimit dhe gatishm\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar, e cila mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi fizike dhe fiziologjike, si lodhje, t\u00eb p\u00ebrzierit, pagjum\u00ebsi, dhimbje koke, humbje oreksi,\u00a0 tretje t\u00eb keq.<\/span><\/p>

P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre karakteristikave, ngacmimi dhe dhuna n\u00eb internet mund t\u00eb “p\u00ebrhapen” leht\u00ebsisht n\u00eb jet\u00ebn reale dhe t\u00eb ken\u00eb pasoja t\u00eb paparashikueshme n\u00eb jet\u00ebn sociale dhe profesionale t\u00eb personit t\u00eb ekspozuar ndaj tij. Kjo shpesh shprehet me t\u00ebrheqjen nga interneti dhe hap\u00ebsirat publike, shmangien, (vet\u00eb)p\u00ebrjashtimin, margjinalizimin, por edhe n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet dor\u00ebheqjes, humbjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb pune dhe ndikimit negativ n\u00eb karrier\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Journalift: <\/b>K\u00ebshillat e zakonshme jan\u00eb \u2013 mos u p\u00ebrgjigj, mos diskuto me sulmuesin, mos reagon, mos u grind. Por ndjenja e padrejt\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe nevoja p\u00ebr ta mbrojtur veten dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb shpjeguar se ata e kan\u00eb gabim \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb e pranishme. A ekziston nj\u00eb reagim korrekt n\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb? Si t\u00eb p\u00ebrballohemi me sasin\u00eb e madhe t\u00eb stresit q\u00eb sjell ndonj\u00eb situat\u00eb e till\u00eb?<\/span><\/p>

AZHC: <\/b>\u00cbsht\u00eb e kuptueshme q\u00eb situata e sulmit k\u00ebrc\u00ebnon ndjenj\u00ebn e vet\u00ebrespektit dhe dinjitetit dhe shaqet nevoja p\u00ebr t’iu<\/span> p\u00ebrgjigjur <\/b>sulmit. Nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, fakti q\u00eb dhunuesi e p\u00ebrdor dhun\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb frik\u00ebsuar, p\u00ebr t\u00eb posht\u00ebruar dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb demonstruar forc\u00eb dhe se nuk do t\u00eb “ndryshohet” \u00e7far\u00ebdo q\u00eb t’i themi, mb\u00ebshtet k\u00ebshill\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos reaguar ndaj provokimeve, ngacmimeve apo sulmeve t\u00eb tjera. \u00cbsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendet se n\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrnjekjes, dmth. n\u00eb situata t\u00eb ngacmimeve t\u00eb vazhdueshme q\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnime,gj\u00ebja m\u00eb e mir\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb  t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpritet \u00e7do kontakt me autorin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha situatat t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta dhe ndoshta nj\u00eb grua, n\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb q\u00eb nuk e vler\u00ebson si t\u00eb rrezikshme, do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nevoj\u00eb t’i p\u00ebrgjigjet sulmit. N\u00ebse vler\u00ebsoni se di\u00e7ka e till\u00eb nevojitet p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar ngacmimet e m\u00ebtejshme, do t\u00eb ishte mir\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdornit teknikat e p\u00ebrmendura m\u00eb par\u00eb, edhe pse kjo nuk garanton rezultatin e d\u00ebshiruar.<\/span><\/p>

\u00c7do dhun\u00eb, qoft\u00eb e p\u00ebrjetuar nga nj\u00eb person i af\u00ebrt apo nj\u00eb person i huaj, do t\u00eb provokoj\u00eb nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb caktuar zem\u00ebrimi dhe pak\u00ebnaq\u00ebsie, por n\u00ebse reagimi nuk sjell k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi psikologjike por \u00e7on n\u00eb rrezik t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm, at\u00ebher\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb konstruktive t’i “kthehet favori” sulmuesit(duhet pasur parasysh se teknikat e dhunshme jan\u00eb \u2019specialiteti i tij\u2019, ai \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i mir\u00eb n\u00eb at\u00eb fush\u00eb).Kompensimi p\u00ebr ndjenjat e padrejt\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb at\u00eb rast nuk duhet t\u00eb kanalizohet p\u00ebrmes konfliktit t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm, por duhet t’i drejtohet sistemeve mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebse t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendura tashm\u00eb n\u00eb situata t\u00eb dhun\u00ebs s\u00eb mbijetuar.  Duhet t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet mb\u00ebshtetje dhe ndihm\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar ngacmimet dhe sjelljet e dhunshme dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar p\u00ebrs\u00ebritjen e sjelljeve t\u00eb tilla – sepse secili ka t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e siguris\u00eb dhe mbrojtjes s\u00eb mir\u00ebqenies s\u00eb tij.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 pyetjes se si t\u00eb mbroheni nga sulmet fizike ose n\u00eb internet, si t\u00eb reagoni ndaj tyre, kujt t’ia raportoni dhe a duhet t\u00eb hyni n\u00eb nj\u00eb diskutim me sulmuesin, p\u00ebr mir\u00ebqenien e gazetar\u00ebve\/eve \u00e7\u00ebshtja e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb se si t\u00eb merreni me pasojat e mundshme psikologjike. Gazetaret t\u00eb cilat u ekspozuan ndaj ngacmimeve n\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":13863,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13982","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","ciTrackContent"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSi je? - Journalift<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/journalift.org\/sq\/si-je\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Si je? - Journalift\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"P\u00ebrve\u00e7 pyetjes se si t\u00eb mbroheni nga sulmet fizike ose n\u00eb internet, si t\u00eb reagoni ndaj tyre, kujt t’ia raportoni dhe a duhet t\u00eb hyni n\u00eb nj\u00eb diskutim me sulmuesin, p\u00ebr mir\u00ebqenien e gazetar\u00ebve\/eve \u00e7\u00ebshtja e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb se si t\u00eb merreni me pasojat e mundshme psikologjike. 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